# Communication protocols

> Ethernet, Wi-Fi, LoRa, TCP, IP, PROFINET, Modbus and OPC UA: each name sits on a layer of the OSI model. This lesson puts the real technologies on that map, separates Ethernet from the Internet, and compares the PROFINET stack with Modbus RTU, which is serial and simpler.

Source: https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/communication-protocols/

Introduction to Industry 4.0 · Module 03: communication protocols · Lesson

Ethernet, Wi-Fi, LoRa, TCP, IP, PROFINET, Modbus and OPC UA: each name sits on a layer of the OSI model. This lesson puts the real technologies on that map, separates Ethernet from the Internet, and compares the PROFINET stack with Modbus RTU, which is serial and simpler.

## In this lesson

- Ethernet, Wi-Fi, LoRa and Zigbee at the physical and data link layers
- The difference between Ethernet and the Internet, two terms that often get mixed up
- PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, Modbus, OPC UA and MTConnect at the application layer
- The PROFINET stack end to end, and why the Modbus RTU stack is shorter

## Material for this lesson

[**Module 03 workbook: communication protocols** PDF in Portuguese, made to read and print.](https://ubivis.ai/assets/apostilas/introducao-industria-4-0-modulo-03.pdf) [**See the full course** 3 modules · 14 lessons](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/)

[The OSI layers](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/osi-layers/) [Protocols on the shop floor](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/protocols-on-the-shop-floor/)

## Lessons

[Introduction: why going digital changes the bottom line 6 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/introduction/) [What Industry 4.0 is 6 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/what-is-industry-4-0/) [The Ubivis story, with the CEO 9 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/the-ubivis-story/) [The industry of the future 8 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/the-industry-of-the-future/) [How to reach the fourth industrial revolution 7 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/reaching-the-fourth-revolution/)

[How to digitize a process: sensors or actuators? 9 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/how-to-digitize-a-process/) [What is the difference between digital and analog signals? 8 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/digital-and-analog-signals/) [The Internet of Things 7 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/internet-of-things/) [IIoT vs. IoT 6 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/iiot-and-iot/) [Business case: Ub-IoT across 20 plants with SENAI 5 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/business-case-senai/)

[The OSI layers 7 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/osi-layers/) [Communication protocols 6 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/communication-protocols/) [Protocols on the shop floor 8 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/protocols-on-the-shop-floor/) [Business case: communication hurdles on the shop floor 7 min](https://ubivis.ai/en-us/academy/intro-to-industry-4-0/business-case-connectivity/)